Microwave-Assisted Organic Synthesis in the Organic Lab: A Simple, Greener Wittig Reaction

Author Contact: ckyuen@csus.edu

Summary

Microwave-assisted organic synthesis is becoming a more common laboratory practice. The advantages of using microwave-assisted synthesis include shortened reaction time, lower energy costs and cleaner reactions. This particular experiment explores a much greener Wittig reaction that doesn't require an inert atmosphere, a strong base (i.e., butyl lithium) or even a solvent. In addition to these advantages, this experiment also uses a common domestic microwave and standard glassware.

The greener Witting reaction also provides the instructor with the opportunity to introduce their students to the concepts surrounding thin-layer chromatography, ¹H NMR, mass spectrometry, and alkene stereochemistry.

Supplemental material includes chemical list, lab procedure, lab questions, instructor notes, tips for a successful lab and spectroscopic data.

Summary prepared September 2008 by Douglas M. Young at the University of Oregon.

Category Descriptors

Chemistry Concepts

• Aldehydes/Ketones
• Alkenes
• Carbonyl Chemistry
• Stereochemistry

Laboratory Techniques

• Gas-Liquid Chromatography
• Mass Spectrometry
• NMR Spectroscopy
• Rotary Evaporation
• Thin-layer Chromatography

Green Chemistry Principles

• Design Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses
• Design Safer Chemicals and Products
• Increase Energy Efficiency
• Minimize the Potential for Accidents
• Prevent Waste
• Use Safer Solvents/Reaction Conditions

Chemistry Subdiscipline

• Organic Chemistry

Target Audience

• Colleges/Universities

Source

• Journal Articles